![]() ![]() Another important aspect that contributes significantly to the instability is the moderate crystal quality 11, that ignites consequently an additional mixture of instability issues. Extrinsically, it is sensitive to moisture, UV exposure, and oxygen 3, 10. The only remaining obstacle before large scale commercialization is the cells instability 1, 2, 3.Ĭurrently, it is well known that CH 3NH 3PbI 3 is not stable this is due to many extrinsic and intrinsic causes. From a practical perspective, it is also impressive how simple to fabricate the PSCs and how many efficient cells made with various hybrid perovskites absorbers (the mostly used compound of this family is CH 3NH 3PbI 3) and with different device designs. This dramatic development is believed to be a result of a unique supportive combination of different properties of these materials, including the favorable balance between strong absorption and long carrier lifetime 5, the efficient transport 6, 7, 8, and the benign fault tolerance 9. Within just four years, the conversion efficiency has ramped up dramatically and it is now above 20% 4. In the past few years, the solar cell community has witnessed an exceptional emergence of a new family of solar cell materials 1, 2, 3 namely hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSC). This shall unlock the hindering instability problem for PSCs and allow them to hit the market as a serious low-cost competitor to silicon based solar cell technologies. Chemical stability enhancement hence results from a strong, yet balanced, electronic coupling between the cation and the halides in the octahedron. The calculations demonstrate the concept of enhancing the electronic coupling, and hence the stability, by exploring the stabilizing features of CH 3PH 3 +, CH 3SH 2 +, and SH 3 + cations, among several other possible candidates. The mechanism exploits establishing a balance between the electronegativity of the materials’ constituents and the resulting ionic electrostatic interactions. We propose to replace the widely used methylammonium cation (CH 3NH 3 +) by alternative molecular cations allowing an enhanced electronic coupling between the cation and the PbI 6 octahedra while maintaining the band gap energy within the suitable range for solar cells. Here, we report a mechanism to chemically stabilize PSC absorbers. The efficiency has already reached the level needed for commercialization however, the instability hinders its deployment on the market. In the past few years, the meteoric development of hybrid organic–inorganic perovskite solar cells (PSC) astonished the community. ![]()
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